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London
Ruffer LLP
80 Victoria Street
London SW1E 5JL
Paris
Ruffer S.A.
103 boulevard Haussmann
75008 Paris, France
New York
Ruffer LLC
300 Park Avenue
New York NY 10022
Edinburgh
Ruffer LLP
31 Charlotte Square
Edinburgh EH2 4ET

Damned if they do… damned if they don’t

Wage inflation in the US poses a growing problem for the Fed
The Green Line
Steve Russell
Fund Manager

Global economic growth is now at its strongest and most synchronised since the 2008 financial crisis and, as if adding fuel to the fire, Donald Trump’s tax cuts have provided a further boost.

However, paradoxically, this makes us more, rather than less, concerned about the outlook for both equity and bond markets.

After one of the weakest recoveries on record, strong economic and profits growth is finally starting to feed through into rising wages. As the chart shows, leading indicators of US wage growth, are now pointing to wage inflation returning to, or exceeding, the levels seen before the financial crisis.

Whilst this is undoubtedly good news for workers, it poses a growing problem for those charged with setting the appropriate level of interest rates.

With unemployment in the US now closing in on the low rates last seen in the 1960s, which ended with a sudden shift to a far more inflationary world, we believe the US Federal Reserve will soon find itself in the difficult position of being ‘damned if they do… and damned if they don’t’.

If the Fed raises interest rates faster or further than the market currently expects, then there is a real danger that this is more than an indebted global economy can tolerate, and certainly more than fragile financial markets can bear – just look at how stock markets reacted in February.

However, if the Fed shies away from tightening financial conditions sufficiently, fearful of the impact on both the financial and real economy, then inflation pressures are likely to mount and both equity and bond markets could sell off regardless.

At Ruffer we hold index-linked bonds to protect against higher inflation, but the road to this inflation could be bumpy. We fear markets may get more, rather than less, dangerous as the year progresses.

Steve Russell
Fund Manager
Quantitative tightening – what might it mean?
May 2018: Shrinking central bank balance sheets could undermine record asset prices
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Why traditional safe havens might not work
April 2018: In the market sell-off this February, defensive assets failed to defend.
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Japan: a forgotten market?
March 2018: Japanese shares have risen strongly, but not nearly as much as company profits.
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Chart source: Bureau for Labor Statistics, NFIB, Regional Federal Reserve Banks, Ruffer LLP

‘Washington, we have a problem’
July 2024: The cost of servicing US national debt is set to swallow an ever-greater share of the public purse over the coming years. To tackle the debt burden, governments are faced with an array of unpalatable choices – with higher inflation an increasingly likely side effect.
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Investment Review
July 2024: Recent portfolio performance has, understandably, provoked questions from our clients and investors. These are broadly the same questions we have been asking ourselves, chief among which is: why are we comfortable owning a portfolio that feels so uncomfortable to hold? Jonathan Ruffer’s quarterly investment review seeks to answer that question, laying out the reasons for our conviction in a portfolio which can protect and grow capital as the market turns.
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Getting to the bottom of the dollar
Today, the dollar reigns supreme as the world’s principal reserve currency. But how did it reach this position? And how long can it stay there?
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London
Ruffer LLP
80 Victoria Street
London SW1E 5JL
Paris
Ruffer S.A.
103 boulevard Haussmann
75008 Paris, France
New York
Ruffer LLC
300 Park Avenue
New York NY 10022
Edinburgh
Ruffer LLP
31 Charlotte Square
Edinburgh EH2 4ET